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  • GEN 4 GEN 4 Core Principles

    • GEN 4.1 GEN 4.1 Principles for Authorised Firms — application

      • GEN 4.1.1

        (1) The twelve Principles for Authorised Firms, set out in GEN section 4.2, apply subject to (2) and (3) to every Authorised Firm in accordance with Rules GEN 4.1.2 and GEN 4.1.3.
        (2) The twelve Principles for Authorised Firms, set out in GEN section 4.2, do not apply to an Authorised Firm which is a Representative Office.
        (3) An Authorised Firm which is a Credit Rating Agency does not have to comply with the Principles set out in Rules GEN 4.2.6, GEN 4.2.7, GEN 4.2.8 and GEN 4.2.9.
        Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]
        [Amended]DFSA RM43/2007 (Made 1st June 2007). [VER14/06-07]
        [Amended] DFSA RM68/2009 (Made 3rd January 2010). [VER24/01-10]
        [Amended] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]
        [Amended] DFSA RM96/2012 (Made 24th July 2012) [VER30/07-12]

      • GEN 4.1.2

        (1) For the purposes of GEN Rule 4.1.3 the term 'activities' means:
        (a) Financial Services business;
        (b) activities carried on in connection with a Financial Service business;
        (c) activities held out as being for the purpose of a Financial Service business; and
        (d) in relation to any particular Principle, any activity specified in (2), (3) and (4).
        (2) Principles 3 and 4 also apply in a Prudential Context to an Authorised Firm with respect to the carrying on of all its activities.
        (3) Principles 3 and 4 also take into account any activities of other members of the Group of which the Authorised Firm is a member.
        (4) Principles 10 and 11, to the extent that it relates to disclosing to the DFSA, also applies to an Authorised Firm with respect to the carrying on of all its activities, and takes into account any activities of other members of the Group of which the Authorised Firm is a member.

        Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]
        [Amended]DFSA RM43/2007 (Made 1st June 2007). [VER14/06-07]
        [Amended] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]

      • GEN 4.1.3 GEN 4.1.3

        (1) The Principles apply to an Authorised Firm only with respect to activities carried on from an establishment maintained by it in the DIFC, unless an extension in (2), (3), (4) or (5) applies.
        (2) Where another applicable Rule, which is relevant to the activity, has a wider territorial scope than that in (1), any related Principle applies with that wider scope in relation to the activity described in the Rule.
        (3) Principles 1, 2 and 3 apply in a Prudential Context to an Authorised Firm with respect to activities wherever they are carried on.
        (4) Principles 4 and 11 apply to an Authorised Firm with respect to activities wherever they are carried on.
        (5) Principle 5 also applies to an Authorised Firm with respect to the activities carried on in or from any place outside the DIFC if and to the extent that the activities have, or might reasonably be regarded as likely to have, a negative effect on confidence in the financial markets operating in the DIFC.
        Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]
        [Amended]DFSA RM43/2007 (Made 1st June 2007). [VER14/06-07]

        • GEN 4.1.3 Guidance

          1. The Principles for Authorised Firms have the status of Rules and are a general statement of fundamental regulatory requirements which apply alongside the other Rules and also in new or unforeseen situations which may not be covered elsewhere by a specific Rule. Rules in other areas of the Rulebook build upon these fundamental principles. Consequently the Rules and Guidance elsewhere in the Rulebook should not be seen as exhausting the implications of the Principles.
          2. Breaching a Principle for Authorised Firms makes an Authorised Firm liable to disciplinary action, and may indicate that it is no longer fit and proper to carry on a Financial Service or to hold a Licence and the DFSA may consider withdrawing authorisation or the Licence on that basis.
          3. The onus will be on the DFSA to show that the Authorised Firm has been at fault in some way, taking into account the standard of conduct required under the Principle in question.

          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

    • GEN 4.2 GEN 4.2 The Principles for Authorised Firms

      • Principle 1 — Integrity

        • GEN 4.2.1

          An Authorised Firm must observe high standards of integrity and fair dealing.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 2 — Due skill, care and diligence

        • GEN 4.2.2

          In conducting its business activities an Authorised Firm must act with due skill, care and diligence.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 3 — Management, systems and controls

        • GEN 4.2.3

          An Authorised Firm must ensure that its affairs are managed effectively and responsibly by its senior management. An Authorised Firm must have adequate systems and controls to ensure, as far as is reasonably practical, that it complies with legislation applicable in the DIFC.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 4 — Resources

        • GEN 4.2.4

          An Authorised Firm must maintain and be able to demonstrate the existence of adequate resources to conduct and manage its affairs. These include adequate financial and system resources as well as adequate and competent human resources.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 5 — Market conduct

        • GEN 4.2.5

          An Authorised Firm must observe proper standards of conduct in financial markets.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 6 — Information and interests

        • GEN 4.2.6

          An Authorised Firm must pay due regard to the interests of its customers and communicate information to them in a way which is clear, fair and not misleading.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 7 — Conflicts of interest

        • GEN 4.2.7

          An Authorised Firm must take all reasonable steps to ensure that conflicts of interest between itself and its customers, between its Employees and customers and between one customer and another are identified and then prevented or managed, or disclosed, in such a way that the interests of a customer are not adversely affected.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]
          [Amended] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]

      • Principle 8 — Suitability

        • GEN 4.2.8

          An Authorised Firm must take reasonable care to ensure the suitability of its advice and discretionary decisions for customers who are entitled to rely upon its judgement.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 9 — Customer assets and money

        • GEN 4.2.9

          Where an Authorised Firm has control of or is otherwise responsible for assets or money belonging to a customer which it is required to safeguard, it must arrange proper protection for them in accordance with the responsibility it has accepted.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 10 — Relations with regulators

        • GEN 4.2.10

          An Authorised Firm must deal with Regulators in an open and co-operative manner and keep the DFSA promptly informed of significant events or anything else relating to the Authorised Firm of which the DFSA would reasonably expect to be notified.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 11 — Compliance with high standards of corporate governance

        • GEN 4.2.11 GEN 4.2.11

          An Authorised Firm must have a corporate governance framework as appropriate to the nature, scale and complexity of its business and structure, which is adequate to promote the sound and prudent management and oversight of the Authorised Firm's business and to protect the interests of its customers and stakeholders.

          [Added] DFSA RM43/2007 (Made 1st June 2007). [VER14/06-07]
          [Amended] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]

          • GEN 4.2.11 Guidance

            Corporate governance framework encompasses structural and procedural arrangements such as systems, policies and practices that are put in place to promote good governance and include the specific measures required under GEN Rule 5.3.30.

            [Added] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]

      • Principle 12 — Remuneration practices

        • GEN 4.2.12

          An Authorised Firm must have a remuneration structure and strategies which are well aligned with the long term interests of the firm, and are appropriate to the nature, scale and complexity of its business.

          [Added] DFSA RM95/2012 (Made 14th June 2012). [VER29/06-12]

    • GEN 4.3 GEN 4.3 Principles for Authorised Individuals — application

      • GEN 4.3.1 GEN 4.3.1

        The six Principles for Authorised Individuals set out in GEN section 4.4 apply to every Authorised Individual in respect of every Licensed Function.


        Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

        • GEN 4.3.1 Guidance

          1. The Principles for Authorised Individuals do not apply to an Authorised Individual in respect of any other functions he may carry out, although his conduct in those functions may be relevant to his fitness and propriety.
          2. Breaching a Principle for Authorised Individuals makes an Authorised Individual liable to disciplinary action and may indicate that he is no longer fit and proper to perform a Licensed Function and the DFSA may consider suspending or withdrawing Authorised Individual status on that basis.
          3. The onus will be on the DFSA to show that he is culpable, taking into account the standard of conduct required under the Principle in question. In determining whether or not the particular conduct of an Authorised Individual complies with the Principles for Authorised Individuals, the DFSA will take account of whether that conduct is consistent with the requirements and standards relevant to his Authorised Firm, the Authorised Individual's own role and the information available to him.

          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

    • GEN 4.4 GEN 4.4 The Principles for Authorised Individuals

      • Principle 1 — Integrity

        • GEN 4.4.1

          An Authorised Individual must observe high standards of integrity and fair dealing in carrying out every Licensed Function.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 2 — Due skill, care and diligence

        • GEN 4.4.2

          An Authorised Individual must act with due skill, care and diligence in carrying out every Licensed Function.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 3 — Market conduct

        • GEN 4.4.3

          An Authorised Individual must observe proper standards of conduct in financial markets in carrying out every Licensed Function.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 4 — Relations with the DFSA

        • GEN 4.4.4

          An Authorised Individual must deal with the DFSA in an open and co-operative manner and must disclose appropriately any information of which the DFSA would reasonably be expected to be notified.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 5 — Management, systems and control

        • GEN 4.4.5

          An Authorised Individual who has significant responsibility must take reasonable care to ensure that the business of the Authorised Firm for which he is responsible is organised so that it can be managed and controlled effectively.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]

      • Principle 6 — Compliance

        • GEN 4.4.6

          An Authorised Individual who has significant responsibility must take reasonable care to ensure that the business of the Authorised Firm for which he is responsible complies with any legislation applicable in the DIFC.


          Derived from DFSA RM01/2004 (Made 16th September 2004). [VER1/09-04]